Previous research has shown that punicalagin, a main constituent of PoPEx, induced apoptosis in prostate and colon cancer cell lines, promyelocytic leukemia cells, and glioma cells by increasing the expression of the proapoptotic marker (Bax) X, downregulating the expression of antiapoptotic markers (Bcl-XL and Bcl-2) or suppressing nuclear factor (NF)-kB, depending on the investigated mechanisms [51]. This evidence concerns the gene BAX and leukemia.