Celastrol (Figure 10a), a pentacyclic triterpene with anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties, protects through the Nrf2-NLRP3-caspase-1 axis against the neurodegeneration of dopaminergic neurons in an MPTP-induced PD mouse model and relieves Adeno-Associated Virus-mediated human α-SYN overexpression PD model [141]. The gene discussed is CASP1; the disease is Parkinson disease.