INS and type 1 diabetes mellitus: There are two types of diabetes: (1) type-1 diabetes is a genetic disorder involving abnormal pancreatic beta cells that are not capable of producing insulin, and in the case of (2) type-2 diabetes, pancreatic islets produce insulin, but body cells do not respond to insulin, which helps to absorb glucose inside the cells, and due to this high level of glucose, it accumulates in the blood [97].