Our data demonstrated that genes involved in fatty acid β-oxidation, including Acot3, Ehhadh, Slc25a20, Acadl, Acadm, and especially the rate-limiting enzymes Cpt1a and Acox1, are upregulated in the HFD+FA group in comparison with the HFD group (Figure 4), indicating that fatty acid β-oxidation contributes to the preventive effect of FA on NAFLD. Here, ACOX1 is linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.