APAF1 and colorectal cancer: Apoptosis induction enhanced by miR-27a downregulation may be explained by its effect on caspase-9 activation through Apaf-1 upregulation, as demonstrated by experiments in which miR-27a antioligonucleotides promoted the formation of Apaf1-caspase-9 complex in TRAIL-treated colorectal cancer stem cells [198].