Therefore, in addition to non-selective classical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs: acetylsalicylic acid, ibuprofen, flurbiprofen, naproxen, indomethacin, diclofenac, mefenamic acid, piroxicam, etc.), recently, COX-1-selective inhibitors [11,24], fluorescence imaging probes [25,26,27,28] and PET radioligands [25,26,29,30,31,32] introduced COX-1 as a promising biomarker for imaging and treatment of cancers and neuroinflammatory diseases. This evidence concerns the gene PTGS1 and cancer.