In C. perfringens infection alone studies, C. perfringens-induced mild lesions were reduced in birds vaccinated with recombinant proteins of PlcC (CPA), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase, fructose 1,6-biphosphate aldolase (Fba), large cytotoxin (TpeL), endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase, and phosphoglyceromutase [49,50]. Here, CPA1 is linked to infection due to clostridium perfringens.