ECHS1 and nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma: In clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), the expression of ECHS1 is decreased, resulting in inactivation of fatty acid (FA) oxidation and activation of nascent FA synthesis, inhibiting the expression of AMPK-promoted ECHS1 transcriptional activator GATA3, and inactivating the AMPK-GATA3-ECHS1 pathway Leads to reprogramming of fatty acid metabolism in ccRCC, providing a new therapeutic approach for ccRCC [128].