Globally, biomarker-driven therapy with innovative drugs produces response rates comparable to those seen with other targeted therapies, including osimertinib in EGFR-mutant NSCLC (80%), alectinib in ALK-positive NSCLC (83%), and entrectinib (77%) and crizotinib (72%) in ROS1 fusion-positive NSCLC [16,151,152]. This evidence concerns the gene ALK and non-small cell lung carcinoma.