(ii) Exercise training attenuated the diabetes-induced Fas/FasL-mediated apoptotic pathway (FasL, Fas, FADD, cleaved-caspase-8 and cleaved-caspase-3) and attenuated the diabetes-induced mitochondria-initiated apoptotic pathway (Bax, tBid, Bak, Bad, cytosolic cytochrome c, cleaved-caspase-9 and cleaved-caspase-3) in the cerebral cortex. This evidence concerns the gene CASP9 and diabetes mellitus.