The utilization of PD-L1 inhibitors such as durvalumab is assessed in many trials (phase III TOPAZ-1 (NCT03875235)), in which the combinational treatment with durvalumab, cisplatin, and gemcitabine is compared with cisplatin, gemcitabine, and placebo as a first-line therapy for non-resectable, advanced (locally), metastatic, or recurrent CCA that was treatment-naive. Here, CD274 is linked to cholangiocarcinoma.