TGFB1 and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: Another miRNA evaluated in an IPF mouse model induced by bleomycin was miR-9; in this study, Dai et al. [128] reported that the over-expression of miR-9 negatively regulates ANO1, which enhances the activation of the TGFβ-Smad3 signaling pathway, aggravating inflammation, promoting proliferation, and inhibiting apoptosis of lung fibroblasts.