INS and type 1 diabetes mellitus: We found no association between rs3842752 and rs689 in INS and T2D, which is in accordance with some previous studies [23,45,46], while other studies have shown an association between rs689 and T2D [21,22], and one study showed associations of both rs689 and rs3842752 with diabetes not classified as either T1D or T2D [47].