Therefore, 4 weeks of low-moderate intensity swimming promotes insulin secretion in vitro by increasing insulin sensitivity; 6 weeks of low-intensity autonomous running wheels increases the insulin content by 3 times and exerts beneficial effects; a 6–8-week high-intensity treadmill exercise program inhibits beta-cell death by secreting anti-inflammatory factors; 10 weeks of high-intensity treadmill exercise cannot change the islet composition of T1D rats, but can promote the proliferation of islet beta-cells in T1DM. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is type 1 diabetes mellitus.