TLR4 and atherosclerosis: For example, Robinson et al. (2015) evaluated sedentary individuals at high risk of type 2 diabetes, concluding that CMIT led to a reduction in fasting glucose and in the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), which is an inflammatory marker associated with cardiometabolic risk factors, such as insulin resistance and atherosclerosis, while HIIT did not show such effects [33].