Mutations in the HNF4A and HNF1A genes are the cause of the most frequent type of types 1 and 3 maturity-onset diabetes of the young (HNF1A-MODY), respectively [38,39] and also represent a risk for type 2 diabetes [40], metabolic syndrome [41,42], coronary heart disease [43,44], pancreas and liver cancer [45,46] and ulcerative colitis [47]. This evidence concerns the gene HNF1A and ulcerative colitis.