There was a significant increase in the levels of Il-1β mRNA detected at 6 h post infection in the hippocampi of rats with a UTI (1.97 ± 0.28, p = 0.025, unpaired Student’s t-test) as compared to mRNA levels in the hippocampi of sham rats (1.02 ± 0.12). The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is bacterial urinary tract infection.