CTLA4 and neoplasm: As shown in Figure 4A, there is a significant increase in the mRNA expression of IFNγ in the tumor-infiltrating CD4+T cells in the HS plus anti-CTLA4 mAb cohort compared to the LS plus anti-CTLA4 mAb cohort (day 35, HS+anti-CTLA4 mAb: 39.4 ± 7.9, LS+anti-CTLA4 mAb: 9.4 ± 2.8 (relative units), p < 0.05) and the NS plus anti-CTLA4 mAb cohort (15.4 ± 3.9, p < 0.05).