NPY1R and cancer: For example, among 60 upregulated genes unique to those aged ≤40 years, 16 gene products were found to be present in EVs secreted by breast cancer cell lines, of which 7 proteins (i.e., PGBD5, NPY1R, PLA2G2D, SLC38A5, F5, COL5A2, and COL5A1) were also common to other cancer cell lines, 4 proteins (i.e., LLGL2, TLL2, APT6V0D2, and HIST1H2AE) were in urine, saliva, or breast milk, and 5 proteins (i.e., NME1, COL1A2, HSPB1, DHRS2, and APOC2) were in breast cancer cell lines and human body fluids such as urine, saliva, breast milk, and plasma (Figure 8).