This review aims to highlight recent advances into the role of microglia in augmenting neuroinflammation in AD, including NF-κB, NLRP3, TREM2, and cGAS-STING to gain new insights into the potential therapeutic targets that could lead to novel therapeutics and substantially improve the lives of those at risk of, or suffering from, AD. Here, TREM2 is linked to Alzheimer disease.