Based on antibody responses after the booster dose, we identified three CVID groups: 17 patients who did not develop either anti-S1 IgG nor anti-S1 IgA were defined as non-responders (NR); 18 patients responded with anti-S1 IgG only (S1 IgG-R), and 12 patients responded with anti-S1 IgG and anti-S1 IgA (S1 IgG/IgA-R) (Figure 1C). The gene discussed is PSMD1; the disease is common variable immunodeficiency.