RUBCN and Alzheimer disease: Figure 2c shows representative amyloid β staining in samples from severe AD patients and controls. Our results show that Rubicon presents a marked localization in human brain cortex neurons and increased staining in AD patient samples compared to non-dementia donors. A clear vesicular profile of Rubicon was observed in human samples, as previously shown by its localization in late endosomes and lysosomes [23,24,50,51].