To test this hypothesis, we first have evaluated the effect of DYRK1A overexpression on ADNP in DS mouse models with different genetic complexity [22,23], and have analyzed CSF and blood levels of DYRK1A and ADNP using cohorts of cognitively normal euploid controls, patients with sporadic AD, and adults with DS across the whole AD continuum [8,12]. Here, DYRK1A is linked to Alzheimer disease.