The authors also demonstrated the release of cytokines (e.g., IL-1β, IFN-γ, and TNF-α) from cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) and the high expression of chemokine receptor genes on colitis-associated T cells in patients with irAE colitis, which may be involved in the development of irAE colitis. The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is colitis.