Upregulation of TLRs expression was observed in a variety of chronic neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease (TLR2 and TLR4) [29,30], multiple sclerosis (TLR 1-8) [31], and Parkinson’s disease (TLR2 and TLR5) [13,32]. Here, TLR4 is linked to early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.