Both Trx1 and TrxR1 have been described as biomarker candidates in cancer: Trx1 in hepatocellular carcinoma [126] and breast cancer [198]; TrxR in gastric cancer (for diagnosis and therapeutic efficiency) [128], non-small cell lung cancer [129] and liver cancer [199]. The gene discussed is TXN; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.