ACTA1 and benign prostatic hyperplasia: Our findings supported our working hypothesis, demonstrating that O. majorana extract alleviated testosterone-induced BPH rats by lowering prostatic index, reducing serum DHT levels, reducing prostatic MDA content and DNA damage, elevating prostatic SOD content, mitigating the histopathological changes of BPH, increasing the apoptotic index while lowering the proliferative index, and reducing stromal markers, α-SMA, and TGF-B1 expression.