GCLM and ischemia reperfusion injury: Injection of 5-MTHF significantly increased the expression of mRNA and protein levels of glutamate-cysteine ligase (Gclc) in the kidneys of rats with ischemia-reperfusion injury (Figure 3A); however, such treatment did not affect the expression of Gclm and glutathione synthetase (Figure 3B,C).