APP and Alzheimer disease: These transgenic animal models generally involve the expression of mutant forms of the human protein associated with the development of AD-associated pathologies, such as the amyloid precursor protein (APP) containing the Swedish mutation and Presenilin mutations in the APP.PS1/L166P amyloid mouse model [4], or the PS19 mouse model that expresses the P301S tau mutation [5], which results in the progressive development of amyloid plaque and tau NFT pathology respectively.