In addition, the mRNA levels (Figs. 6H-L) and protein expressions (Figs. 6M and 6N) of NLRP3 inflammasome components were significantly increased in lung homogenates of IAV-infected rats, and the opposite results were observed in MCC950-treated COPD rats. The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.