The increase in Neuron-Specific Enolase (NSE) and S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B) has been correlated with the clinical picture of delirium associated with sepsis both in adult8–10 and pediatric studies11–13 The electroencephalogram (EEG) may show theta, delta, triphasic, or burst suppression waveforms, as well as activities compatible with abnormal electrical discharges2,6,14–16. The gene discussed is S100B; the disease is delirium.