The marked alteration of the expression pattern of immune (SELL, ABCG2, SLC11A1, and FEZL) and antioxidant (SOD1, CAT, GPX1, and AhpC/TSA) markers in dairy cows with mastitis may be attributed to severe inflammation that damages the affected tissue and cytotoxic radicals and pro-inflammatory cytokines that are released by the phagocytic cells [76,77]; moreover, the extra quantity of ROS in the absence of an optimal total antioxidant leads to the predominance of ROS, and compromises the immune system [78]. The gene discussed is SOD1; the disease is mastitis.