It was reported that dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) treatment regulated the expression of NLRP3 by activating the p38 pathway, resulting in ulcerative colitis [43]; T. gondii-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation was strongly associated with the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK in human small intestinal epithelial cells [44]. This evidence concerns the gene NLRP3 and ulcerative colitis.