NFKB1 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: COSM could improve colonic barrier function, reduce intestinal leakage, and reduce the serum LPS levels (Figure 7A) and thereby reduce the expression levels of components of the liver LPS/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway; thus, COSM may ultimately play a therapeutic role in improving liver disease in mice with NAFLD.