AKT1 and Parkinson disease: Oligo-porphyran (prepared by acid hydrolysis of porphyrin and mainly composed of sulfated galactans and oligosaccharides with a linear backbone of alternating 3-linked β-D-galactose and 4-linked α-L-galactose-6-sulfate) from Porphyra capensis Kützing, at 50 mg/kg, showed neuroprotective effects by regulating the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/protein kinase-B/B cell lymphoma-2 (PI3K/Akt/Bcl-2) signalling pathway, thus contributing to counteracting the neurobehaviour deficits in an animal model of PD induced by MPP+ [244] (Table 2).