Fucoxanthin intracerebroventricular injection at 0.05 mmol/L attenuated oxidative stress and apoptosis by activating the Nrf2-ARE and Nrf2-autophagy pathways and stimulating the action of antioxidant enzymes such as CAT and SOD in a mice model of traumatic brain injury [340]. Here, NFE2L2 is linked to brain injury.