For instance, Novartis tested bimagrumab (a monoclonal antibody directed against ActRIIB) both in IBM, which is characterized by increased Smad signaling in skeletal muscles, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), where myostatin upregulation in skeletal muscles is described [107, 119–121]. The gene discussed is ACVR2B; the disease is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.