TNF and endometritis: We also found that IAld, indole, and IPA treatment alleviated E. coli-induced endometritis, which was shown by improved uterine inflammatory injury (Fig. S5A–B) and reduced inflammatory markers including MPO activity (Fig. S5C), TNF-α (Fig. S5D), and IL-1β (Fig. S5E) compared with the E. coli group.