AHR and endometritis: To examine whether AhR was involved in gut microbiota-mediated protective effects against E. coli-induced endometritis, mice were treated with a cocktail of antibiotics (ABX) consisting of 1 g/L metronidazole, ampicillin and neomycin sulfate, and 0.5 g/L vancomycin for 3 weeks to disrupt the gut microbiota (45).