One study, with three treatment arms that assessed the impact of the Preventing Malnutrition in children under 2 years of Age (PM2A) programme (provision of fortified food, BCC and encouragement to attend preventive health visits), found strong consistent positive impacts on reducing anaemia and increasing Hb among women up to 3 months postpartum when the risk of anaemia is very high (Leroy et al., 2016). This evidence concerns the gene GSTM1 and nutritional deficiency disease.