We then tested whether inhibiting the ERK1/2 signaling pathway at different concentrations can affect ANKFN1-mediated HCC proliferation, growth, and apoptosis at different times by CCK-8 (Fig. 7C), BrdU (Fig. 7D), and flow cytometry cell cycle distribution assays (Fig. 7E, F). Here, MAPK3 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.