As we know, cancer immunotherapy can be improved by blocking PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoints by binding PD-L1 on cancer cells to PD-1 on T cells resulting in T cells inactivation, and consequently cancer immune invasion.192,193 A growing body of evidence suggests autophagy may affect cancer cells’ immune escape through the degradation of immune checkpoint protein. The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is cancer.