The nuclear PD-L1 family can switch TNFα-induced apoptosis into pyroptosis by upregulating GSDMC expression, leading to tumor necrosis and promoting tumor growth.209 Under hypoxic stress, the phosphorylated form of STAT3 interacts with PD-L1 to promote nuclear translocation of PD-L1, which in turn activates mRNA transcription of the GSDMC gene. Here, TNF is linked to neoplasm.