Glycolysis reduces partial hepatic enrichment activating protein expression in triple-negative breast cancer by blocking AMPK-ULK1 signaling and autophagy formation, which reduces granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) expression, thus preventing MDSC developments.281 MDSCs, in turn, activate AMPK, stimulate autophagy, and promote the expression of anti-apoptotic factors MCL-1 and BCL-2, thereby promoting multiple myeloma development.282. This evidence concerns the gene CSF2 and triple-negative breast carcinoma.