Also, Jahanshahifard et al. [19] stated that exposure to PT in the treatment of neonates with hyperbilirubinemia might influence cytokine production and release from the peripheral immune system, as it increases serum TNF-α. Kurt et al. [18] stated that usage of PT in neonates with jaundice as a treatment affects the function of the immune system in newborns through alterations in TNF-α production. Here, TNF is linked to Hyperbilirubinemia.