It was shown that dimethyl fumarate can reduce IL-1β, IL-18, caspase-1, and NLRP3 levels through the Nrf2/NF-κB signaling pathway, thus inhibiting LPS-induced microglial pyroptosis and disease manifestations in LPS-challenged depression mice (Tastan et al., 2021). Here, CASP1 is linked to major depressive disorder.