LCN2 and acute kidney injury: A study published by Zhang et al. (34) compared the serum NGAL and creatinine levels between 38 critically ill patients with AKI and 38 critically ill patients without AKI, showing remarkably higher levels of NGAL in the first group than in the control group, making NGAL an early AKI diagnosis marker (sensitivity 90.2%; specificity 89.5%).