The overlapping phenotype CD21low, CD27low, T bet+, CD11c+ was confirmed on this B-cell subset in other pathologies, such as SLE (23, 24), Crohn’s disease (25), Sjögren’s syndrome (16), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (14), CVID (11, 14, 26), and hepatitis B and C (27, 28), malaria (29, 30), and tuberculosis (31). This evidence concerns the gene ITGAX and rheumatoid arthritis.