Second, since GBP5 promotes NLRP3 inflammasome activity (Shenoy et al., 2012), and NLRP3 inflammasome is required for the excessive inflammatory reactions in IBD (reviewed in Yuan et al., 2018), it is expected that NLRP3 inflammasome may mediate the proinflammatory effect of GBP5. Here, NLRP3 is linked to inflammatory bowel disease.