ALB and liver disorder: As depicted by Figure 1, patients within the first and fourth quartile of ALB and AST, respectively, exhibited the worst 90-day survival in both total PPH and PPH without liver disease groups, while patients with lower ALB than normal in both total PPH and PPH without liver disease groups, and higher AST than normal in total PPH group exhibited a reduced 90-day survival rate (all p < 0.05) (Figures 1A–F).