ABCB1 is an ATP-dependent efflux pump, which decreases the intracellular concentration of a variety of anti-cancer drugs, such as doxorubicin, vincristine, actinomycin-D, paclitaxel and DTX, leading to MDR in several types of cancer, including prostate cancer (Szakács et al., 2006; Sánchez et al., 2009). The gene discussed is ABCB1; the disease is prostate carcinoma.