Given the fact that the C3 IS showed a higher distribution of several critical innate immunity-related components (dendritic, M1 macrophage, and neutrophil cells), tumor-specific cytotoxic killing components (CD8 T, follicular helper T, and myeloid dendritic cells estimated by both CIBERSORT and MCP-counter), and upregulation of several immune-stimulatory genes (BTN3A1, CD27, CD28, CD40LG, CXCL1, CXCL10, HMGB1, ICOSLG, IL2, SELP, TLR4, and TNFRSF14). Here, CD28 is linked to neoplasm.