In SLE patients (N = 84), urine ALCAM and VCAM-1 showed a strong significant correlation with total SLEDAI scores (Figure 4A), while urine PF4, hemopexin and cystatin-C revealed good correlations with SLEDAI (r 0.47, P<0.0001; r 0.43, P<0.0001; r 0.42, P<0.0001), respectively. This evidence concerns the gene VCAM1 and systemic lupus erythematosus.