The loop is capable of promoting the self-renewal of LSCs by activating both NF-kB and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways (40).In addition to Gal-9, TIM-3 in AML cells produces soluble TIM-3 (sTIM-3), which can attenuate the release of IL-2. Here, HAVCR2 is linked to acute myeloid leukemia.